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哀牢夷

哀牢夷,苍山叠翠云无梯。洱河西倾去无底,晴日倒射红琉璃。 相传沈木儿,背坐曾遨嬉。筑城蜿蜒似龙尾,千古髯君乃其始。 缚绳驾长桥,皮船中荡摇。危巅石楼高百尺,子孙生长今渔樵。 空林明月手可拾,仰饮飞流须发湿。寒藤罥径侧足行,饥猿儿啼鼠人立。 惨澹虚无间,鸟道开人寰。峨眉东望止一发,参旗玉井闪闪上下随跻攀。 君不闻木皮冈前九折坂,客行胡为车欲返。又不闻青溪关上三碉城,累累战骨耕未平。 轻家许国要有道,矍铄是翁夸不老。张公子,当有行。 绣衣青春照琼英,笑夸紫燕辞天京。朝餐五粒之松子,暮食侧生红入齿。 从来蛮客尊汉官,但饮亡何端有理。南飞雁足何憧憧,不能与日随西东。 相思望君日西下,去天一握疑有云气时相通。

译文

Here's the translation:

Ailao wild people live, surrounded by verdant mountains without end. The Erhai River flows west, its depths unknown, reflecting the sun's red rays on clear days. Legend tells of Shen Mu'er, who once played here on her back. She built a city winding like a dragon's tail, The legacy of a bearded monarch from ancient times. She tied ropes and crossed long bridges, in a skin-covered boat, swaying in the middle. On a precarious stone terrace towering hundreds of feet, her descendants now fish and cut wood. In the empty forest, the bright moon seems within reach, and one can drink from flowing streams, drenched in their spray. Clinging to trails with cold vines, one must walk cautiously, with hungry monkeys crying out and mice standing upright. In a realm of misty obscurity, bird paths lead to human habitation. From the east, Mount Emei appears as a mere point, and flags and wells sparkle as one climbs up and down. Have you not heard of the Nine Folds Path before Mupi Hill? Why do travelers return in their vehicles? Or the Three Fortresses on Qingxi Pass? With battlefields still unplowed, their numbers are numerous. To serve the country lightly and cherish the homeland is the way, praised by the vigor of this old man. Young Zhang, you must act. Your youthful spirit shines like embroidered clothes in this world of jewels. You laugh and praise as you leave like a purple swallow from the capital. You dine on pine seeds in the morning And red fruits in the evening that grow on their sides. Always, these wild people have revered Han officials, And their ways are rational, despite their appearance. The feet of south-flying geese are so busy, They cannot keep up with the sun's westward journey. Yearning for you, I watch the sun set in the west, Wondering if there are clouds connecting us, even at the edge of the sky.

赏析

《哀牢夷》一诗,如同一幅细腻悠长的画卷,缓缓展开在读者眼前,引领我们步入一个既神秘又壮丽的边陲世界。开篇“哀牢夷,苍山叠翠云无梯”,寥寥数字,便勾勒出一幅山高云深、翠绿层叠的壮丽图景,让人仿佛置身于那云雾缭绕、难以触及的秘境之中。洱河的西流,被形容为“无底”,阳光下波光粼粼,如“晴日倒射红琉璃”,不仅展现了自然之奇,也寓含了对哀牢之地无尽奥秘的遐想。

传说中的沈木儿,背倚苍山,嬉戏其间,其筑城如龙尾蜿蜒,不仅彰显了古人的智慧与力量,也象征着这片土地上文明的源远流长。诗中“缚绳驾长桥,皮船中荡摇”的描绘,生动刻画了哀牢夷人利用自然、征服自然的勇气与能力,而那些“危巅石楼高百尺”中的子孙后代,虽以渔樵为生,却也享受着与自然和谐共处的宁静生活。

“空林明月手可拾,仰饮飞流须发湿”,这样的意境,让人感受到一种超脱尘世的清逸与凉爽,仿佛月光触手可及,瀑布之水清冽甘甜,直沁心脾。而“寒藤罥径侧足行,饥猿儿啼鼠人立”的描绘,又添了几分探险的惊险与野趣,让人心生向往的同时,也不禁感叹自然环境的严酷与生命的顽强。

“惨澹虚无间,鸟道开人寰”,哀牢之地的险峻与偏远,使得这里的道路如同鸟道般狭窄难行,却也正是这样的地理环境,赋予了这里一种与世隔绝的宁静与神秘。峨眉东望,参旗玉井,闪烁着遥远而神秘的光芒,引领着旅人一步步攀登,探索未知。

诗中穿插的历史记忆,如“木皮冈前九折坂”的艰难险阻,“青溪关上三碉城”的累累战骨,既是对过往征战的缅怀,也是对和平生活的珍惜。张公子的出现,带着青春与朝气,他的绣衣照人,笑谈间透露出对自由与理想的追求,让人看到在这片古老土地上,新一代的希望与活力。

最后,诗人以“相思望君日西下,去天一握疑有云气时相通”作结,将个人的思念与对远方的向往融为一体,既表达了对友人的不舍,也寄托了对哀牢夷这片神奇土地的深深眷恋。整首诗,如同一首悠长的歌谣,唱出了哀牢夷的自然之美、历史之深、人情之厚,让人在阅读中仿佛经历了一场心灵的旅行,久久难以忘怀。